Supplemental Reading

The following sources provide additional information on parental abduction:

Johnston, J.R., and Girdner, L.K. 1998. Early identification of parents at risk for custody violations and prevention of child abductions. Family and Conciliation Courts Review 36(3):392�409.

Johnston, J.R., Girdner, L.K., and Sagatun-Edwards, I. 1999. Developing profiles of risk for parental abduction of children from a comparison of families victimized by abduction with families litigating custody. Behavioral Sciences & the Law 17:305�322.

Early Identification of Risk Factors for Parental Abduction	Juvenile Justice Bulletin • March 2001