U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government, Department of Justice.

NCJRS Virtual Library

The Virtual Library houses over 235,000 criminal justice resources, including all known OJP works.
Click here to search the NCJRS Virtual Library

Comparison of Email Versus Letter Threat Contacts Toward Members of the United States Congress

NCJ Number
220427
Journal
Journal of Forensic Sciences Volume: 52 Issue: 5 Dated: September 2007 Pages: 1142-1147
Author(s)
Katherine A. Schoeneman-Morris M.A.; Mario J. Scalora Ph.D.; Grace H. Chang M.A.; William J. Zimmerman; Yancey Garner B.A.
Date Published
September 2007
Length
6 pages
Annotation
In order to better characterize threats in correspondence to members of the U.S. Congress, this study compared threats in 301 letters with those in 99 e-mails, which were randomly selected from the investigative files of the U.S. Capitol Police.
Abstract
The findings show that letter writers were significantly more likely than e-mailers to exhibit symptoms of serious mental illness, send threatening letters to more than one target, use multiple methods of contact with a target, and engage in problematic approaches toward their targets. Letter-writers were also more likely to be older than the e-mailers, have a greater number of past criminal charges, and write longer communications. E-mailers, on the other hand, were more likely to show signs of disorganization/incoherence, include obscenities/explicit language in their correspondence, and address specific issues of government policy. There were no significant differences in letter-writers and e-mailers on the variables of threatening language and anger/agitation. The findings suggest that although e-mailers may pose a threat to their targets and all inappropriate contacts should be assessed, letter-writers pose the greater risk and should be given higher priority in the allocation of investigative resources. In order to compare letter-writers and e-mailers, the study coded information on subjects, contacts, and content/language characteristics. Subject characteristics examined included gender, age, mental illness, and criminal history. 4 tables, 1 figure, and 19 references