The Federal Bureau of Prisons has developed a standardized design model that employs a direct supervision, or barrier-free architecture for inmate population management. The key to this approach is human interaction between staff and inmates. The Phoenix Federal Correctional Institution, which uses a "campus" design, represents the current model for the Bureau of Prisons. This design combines all the advantages of the direct supervision philosophy with recent construction innovations. Following its adoption of the direct supervision philosophy, the South Carolina Department of Corrections began to look for a design for a new prison housing unit. Although the Phoenix FCI model was chosen, some adaptations were made. This experience has made sharing prison designs a feasible alternative for jurisdictions requiring new construction. Despite several disadvantages to design transfer including institutional objectives and cost of adaptation, the benefits are many, relating to time, costs, operations, adaptability, and staff utilization.
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