Sample preparation is the most common bottleneck in the analysis and processing of forensic evidence. Time-consuming steps in many forensic tests involve complex separations, such as liquid and gas chromatography or various types of extraction techniques, typically coupled with mass spectrometry (e.g., LC-MS). Ambient ionization ameliorates these slow steps by reducing or even eliminating sample preparation. Although some ambient ionization techniques have been adopted by the forensic community, there is significant resistance to discarding chromatography, since most forensic analyses require both an identification and a confirmation technique. With the use of a paper substrate as described in this article, the same substrate can also act as the paper substrate for paper spray mass spectrometry. The coupling of SERS and paper spray ionization creates a quick, forensically feasible combination. (publisher abstract modified)
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