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Biometric Analysis Answers, "Who Are You?"

NCJ Number
218407
Journal
Law and Order Volume: 55 Issue: 4 Dated: April 2007 Pages: 84-89
Author(s)
Doug Hanson
Date Published
April 2007
Length
6 pages
Annotation
This article describes several different types of biometric identification and verification analysis techniques.
Abstract
Biometric analysis provides the tools necessary to identify and verify the identification of an individual. Biometric analysis techniques provide information unique to an individual that enhances security efforts since information such as fingerprints, iris patterns, and facial patterns cannot be replicated as easily as PIN numbers, which can be stolen and used by anyone. Biometric techniques can analyze physical characteristics, such as fingerprints, iris and retina patterns, facial geometry, palm vein patterns, and hand geometry. Biometric techniques can also analyze behavioral elements, such as voice and speech prints and handwriting. The article focuses on describing six different types of biometric analysis techniques: (1) biometric scanners; (2) fingerprint matching systems; (3) iris and retina scanners; (4) hand vascular and geometry systems; (5) mobile field identification systems; and (6) upgraded IAFIS systems. Biometric scanners have a sensor capable of detecting the feature being used for identification. The data is stored in a database and the software automatically analyzes the data characteristics, makes comparisons with other data in the database, and alerts the operator of the results. Fingerprint matching systems are one of the oldest biometric systems and are used in prisons, police stations, secure data storage facilities, and computer areas. Iris and retina scanners are considered one of the most reliable systems for biometric analysis and work by taking a high-resolution picture of the eye using an infrared imager. Hand vascular and geometry systems measure hand and finger size and shape, which are not easily changed. When used in conjunction with digital fingerprint and eye biometric systems, they provide a more reliable system of identification. Finally, the Federal Bureau of Investigation recently announced plans to enhance the IAFIS system so that it includes not only 10-point fingerprint images, but also the new and emerging biometric data systems as they become available. Exhibits