NCJ Number
218995
Date Published
June 2007
Length
117 pages
Annotation
This publication instructs probation and parole officers as well as other correctional professionals in the principles of motivational interviewing (MI) and provides guidance for applying these principles in their professional interactions with offenders.
Abstract
The basic principle underlying MI is that by listening to offenders and following up on the positive aspects of their speech and thinking, corrections professionals can help increase offenders' motivation to make positive changes in their lives that will reduce their risk of reoffending. The first chapter explains the logic of evidence-based practice, i.e., practice that has proven effective under the scrutiny of rigorous evaluation research. It also offers a brief history of the tension between the punitive and rehabilitative approaches in interacting with offenders. MI's role in evidence-based practice is explored. The second chapter, which focuses on how and why people change discusses and illustrates the processes that occur before, during, and after behavioral changes occur. The chapter introduces the Stages-of-Change model and suggests factors that make change more likely. In explaining the MI style, chapter 3 explains the rationale for the MI approach as a context for increasing the likelihood of positive change in offenders. The roles of empathy, resistance, discrepancy, and self-efficacy are identified and examined as elements in the dynamics that encourage change. Chapter 4 addresses preparation for change, as it discusses techniques that are used during the initial stages of change. The chapter explains how open and closed questions, reflections, affirmations, and summaries help establish rapport, gather information, and engage the offender in the change process. The remaining three chapters address how to build motivation for change; working with deception, violations, and sanctions; and strategies for using MI throughout the supervision period. 16 exhibits and 82 references