NCJ Number
              122938
          Journal
  Criminal Justice Review Volume: 14 Issue: 2 Dated: (Autumn 1989) Pages: 154-165
Date Published
  1989
Length
              12 pages
          Annotation
              Since 1914, China has had legislation permitting the police to punish minor violations administratively, that is, without obtaining a judgement of guilt from a court; penalties include fines and short periods of detention.
          Abstract
              This article traces the development of this legislation from 1914 to the present, showing how the violations involved have reflected the concerns of the government of the time. It demonstrates that, even as police have been given the right to inflict harsher punishment, they have also been subjected to greater accountability and control.  12 references. (Author abstract)