NCJ Number
59818
Journal
NUCLEAR MATERIALS MANAGEMENT Volume: 6 Issue: 3 Dated: (FALL 1977) Pages: 332-347
Date Published
1977
Length
16 pages
Annotation
SURVEILLANCE CAMERAS AND DEVICES CAN BE USED TO EXTEND THE NUCLEAR FACILITY INSPECTOR'S EFFECTIVE PRESENCE AND AID IN THE PREVENTION OF THEFT AND SABOTAGE.
Abstract
THE OBJECTIVES OF THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (IAEA) SAFEGUARDS INCLUDED THE TIMELY DETECTION OF DIVERTED NUCLEAR MATERIAL FROM PEACEFUL ACTIVITIES TO THE MANUFACTURE OF NUCLEAR EXPOSIVES, AND THE DETERRENCE OF SUCH DIVERSION BY RISK OF EARLY DETECTION. DETECTION CAPABILITY CAN BE PROVIDED THROUGH TECHNIQUES OF MATERIAL ACCOUNTANCY, CONTAINMENT, AND SURVEILLANCE. A CONTAINMENT AND SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM MAY BE ENHANCED THROUGH THE USE OF TAMPER-INDICATING INSTRUMENTS SUCH AS A SECURE SURVEILLANCE CAMERA, AN IRRADIATED FUEL BUNDLE COUNTER, AND A SELF-MONITORING SEAL. THE MAJOR SUBSYSTEMS OF THE CAMERA SYSTEM ARE THE SINGLE-FRAME CAMERA, TIMER, DAY-AND-NIGHT DISPLAY, TAMPER-INDICATING FEAURES, AND POWER SUPPLY. THE CAMERA SYSTEM MAY BE AUGMENTED BY AN OPTICAL ACTUATOR WHICH DETECTS SMALL INTENSITY CHANGES IN THE VIEW OF THE CAMERA AND BEGINS THE FILMING PROCESS. INDEPENDENT VERIFICATION OF REACTOR MATERIAL TRANSFERS CAN BE ACHIEVED BY COUNTING THE NUMBER OF IRRADIATED FUEL ASSEMBLIES REMOVED FROM THE REACTOR BY MEANS OF A BUNDLE COUNTER. THE INTEGRITY OF SEALING DEVICES CAN BE INDICATED BY SELF-MONITORING SEALS WHICH CONSIST OF A FIBER OPTICS LOOP AN AN ELECTRONICS MONITOR. THE STATUS OF EACH DEVICE AS DETERMINED BY DEMONSTRATION TESTS IS DISCUSSED. ILLUSTRATIONS AND REFERENCES ARE PROVIDED. (TWK)