NCJ Number
177381
Journal
African Security Review Volume: 7 Issue: 4 Dated: 1998 Pages: 41-56
Date Published
1998
Length
16 pages
Annotation
This article assesses the extent of overcrowding in South Africa's prisons and offers suggestions for future research to alleviate existing problems in prisons.
Abstract
South Africa has seen a significant increase in its prison population, and the number of inmates is expected to continue to increase. Although the rising prison population in South Africa is of concern, the trend is international in scope. Recent developments in South Africa suggest the country is heading toward becoming a more punitive society in response to high crime levels. Variables contributing to crime and the increased number of inmates are discussed. The author points out that: (1) prisons are not the ideal means of dealing with criminals, as many return to the community and commit further crimes; (2) recidivism contributes to high crime levels in South Africa; and (3) noninstitutional penalties may be better for criminals found guilty of most crimes in order to achieve protection of society and compensate victims. The author also examines alternative mechanisms of sentencing, such as community sentences, reintegrative shaming, and victim restitution and compensation. In addition, consideration is paid to declining conviction and clearance rates, police effectiveness in criminal investigations, the prison environment, and staff shortages. 55 endnotes and 9 figures